Chattel Slavery Essay

Indentureship was supposed to differ from slavery, however, the servants were treated as harshly as the slaves personal chattel- African slaves were treated as commodities System of slavery whereby an individual and their offspring are recognised by the law as being the property of an different person for life. This system was established by Europeans and create the basis of transatlantic slavery With due respect to the Is good intentions, from all that I have read and studied it would be a mockery to compare Indian indentureship to African movable slavery in the Caribbean.Firstly, Indians were allowed to retain their family (Africans had theirs split up) their language (Africans had the use of theirs forbidden) their religion (Africans had theirs banned) their music (Africans had the drum representing the join of their gods banned by laws, some of which remain on the statute book in Barbados to this day). This highlights the all-important expiration between indentureship and s lavery The heart of slavery was not the horrible labour conditions. If that were so, slavery and indentureship might be comparable.The heart of slavery was the stealing of the Africans intellect his language (the eyes through which unmatched sees the world), his gods, his family, his musical sounds. That is why some 169 years after Emancipation, many Africans in the Caribbean remain enslaved. Some presuppose enslaved mentally (in distinction to physical slavery), but this is misleading. SLAVERY IS MENTAL. Captivity is physical. Why the Africans have reserven eon-consuming to restore their race as opposed to Indians, Jews and other ethnic groups that suffered at the hands of White achievement is because no other flock were ever subjected to what the Africans suffered.If you capture a deal and reduce them to harsh, brutal conditions of exploitation, one time they survive, when that is brought to an end the people testament soon rehabilitate themselves. But when you take away a peoples tongue, their connection to the ancestors, their gods when you smash their family life so that the male loses respect for the female and vice versa when you get a line them to hate their skin, their lips, their hair, so that they hate anyone that looks like them then you will have destroyed the finish and soul of that people and recovery will be just ab reveal like a resurrection.That is why it has taken Rastafari, Vodun, Orisha and the other spiritual potencies to awaken and heal the descendants of the African slaves. Secondly, millions of Africans died on the dreadful crossing from Africa. How many Indians perished on their way here? The Trans-Atlantic trade in captive Africans and African chattel slavery lasted roughly from 1473 to the eighties some four centuries. Indian indentureship lasted from the 1840s until when the end of the 19th century? Thirdly, the trade in African captives consume the African homeland tremendously.Consequently, up to this day, i n contrast to the huge populations of India and China, the African continent is badly underpopulated. In fact, it has been estimated that even if all the Black people returned tomorrow to Africa, it still would not be fully populated. Walter Rodney in provides some Statistics to give an idea of the devastating effect that the trade in Africans had on Africa for four centuries. square towns and villages were wiped out. Ethnic groups disappeared. Others were driven to war on their neighbours or face the prospect of having their own group captured and shipped to the spic-and-span World.The natural line and trajectory of material and spiritual breeding for millennia in Africas floor up to the time of the Trans-Atlantic Trade in captive African was interrupted, disrupted and corrupted. While it is true that India suffered terribly as a result of the British penetration of India during the period of indentureship, history attests that n each the scale nor the time period of this pene tration can match the reality of the impact of the Slave Trade and Slavery on Africans and their Motherland.But while the enslaved Africans unlike the indentured Indians had their ancestral cloak ripped from them, the White man could not take the living nucleus of their culture and its memory from them. So (as they say whoever loses his life shall gain it) they took this breath of their culture and created the living soul of Africa in the Caribbean they recreated their musical forms, they reconceived their ancient gods through new prisms (likje Judedo-Christianity, for example in Haitian Vodun and Rastafari), they revived their sense of an organic connection to the earth, they rediscovered the taste of their tralatitious cuisine, and so on.And that is why we find that almost all that is distinctive about indigenous Caribbean culture owes its inspiration, its image and likeness, to Africa. It is also probably why in that location is no enduring large-scale mass Back to India or Back to China movements coming out of the Caribbean. In a sense, Mother India and Mother China were not taken away from their indentured children in the Caribbean since they continued to wear their traditional dress, listen to their traditional music, speak their traditional language and worship ther traditional gods.When the true history of the last 5 centuries of the recently past millennium is finally spotd in proper perspective, the incomparable tragedy of the African people during the era of the slave trade and slavery will come fully to light. It is without precedent in human history. I close by suggesting that the Indian people who are essentially of African origin as Rashidi has documented have a secure place in Rastafari, and as the Mansinghs have shown in their research, they have made a valuable contribution to the development of the Rastafari way of life.Indentured servants were working on contract to repay a debt, usually for transportation to America. Chattel means personal property, so chattel slaves were legally considered property, the same as a mule or a goat. An indentured servant worked for his/her master without pay until the debt was paid off. Typically, for repayment of the cost of being taken from England to America, the time of service was seven years, although it ranged from four to ten. At the end of that time, the indentured servant was free to forsake and find other, gainful employment.There were cases of abuse by masters in which additional time was added by charging the servant for things like rent, food, lost or broken tools or products, etc. , because indentured servants were usually not well-educated and could be taken advantage of. The only ways a chattel slave could be released from a lifetime of unpaid service were manumission (being legally given license by his/her owner) or purchase, either by himself/herself rare, but possible or by a third party, such as societies of abolitionists who purchased slaves freedom for them.The best-known of these groups bought land in west Africa and founded there the nation of Liberia, for the purpose of resettling freed American slaves. Interesting running light the term indentured is related to words like dentist and dental. An indentured servant had a written contract with his master. At the time the contract was signed, it was torn in two. The master kept one half and the servant kept one half. To ensure that these halves were part of the original document, the tear-lines were deliberately made irregular and boney so that no other piece of paper would match. The jagged tearing was indented it looked like teeth